HMG (Human Menopausal Gonadotropin)

Clinical dosing ranges from 75-150 IU/day for ovarian stimulation, with 150 IU/day typical for IVF without GnRH cotreatment and 225 IU/day with GnRH agonist cotreatment. For male fertility, HMG is often combined with HCG. Administered via intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Dosing adjustments based on age (>35), basal FSH levels, and body weight. HMG is an FDA-approved pharmaceutical product used under medical supervision.

The FSH component binds to FSH receptors on Sertoli cells in the testes (males) or granulosa cells in the ovaries (females), stimulating spermatogenesis or follicular development respectively.

The LH component binds to LH receptors on Leydig cells in the testes, stimulating intratesticular testosterone production. In females, it acts on theca cells for androgen production and triggers ovulation.

By providing both FSH and LH simultaneously, HMG directly stimulates both testosterone production and spermatogenesis, which is critical for men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Directly stimulates sperm production in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Studies show 85.7% recovery of spermatogenesis with HMG treatment.

Stimulates intratesticular testosterone production through LH-mediated Leydig cell activation, an alternative to exogenous testosterone for maintaining fertility.

Can be used alongside or as an alternative to TRT to maintain fertility, as exogenous testosterone suppresses spermatogenesis. Pregnancy rates of 38.6% reported in treated couples.

In females, stimulates ovarian follicular development and egg maturation for assisted reproductive technologies.

Study 41756679

Study 41756114

Study 41751936