Kisspeptin-10

Clinical studies used IV bolus of 0.3-1 mcg/kg (maximal LH response at 1 mcg/kg; higher doses show reduced effect). Subcutaneous protocols discuss 50-200 mcg, 2-3 times per week. Repeated use may carry desensitization risk, potentially suppressing LH/testosterone. Regular hormone monitoring recommended.

Acts as an endogenous agonist of the GPR54 receptor on GnRH neurons in the hypothalamus, directly stimulating GnRH release.

GnRH stimulation leads to pituitary release of LH and FSH, which in turn stimulate gonadal steroid production (testosterone in males, estradiol in females).

Continuous infusion increases LH pulse frequency and amplitude, suggesting direct regulation of GnRH pulse generator activity.

Potent stimulator of LH secretion in men. IV bolus at 1 mcg/kg raises serum LH from ~4 to ~12 IU/L within 30 minutes. Continuous infusion increases testosterone from ~16.6 to ~24.0 nmol/L.

Plays a crucial role in regulating the onset of puberty and maintaining reproductive function through the HPG axis.

Increases LH pulse frequency and testosterone in hypotestosteronaemic men with type 2 diabetes, suggesting therapeutic potential for central hypogonadism.

May help maintain testicular function during exogenous testosterone therapy by preserving endogenous LH/FSH signaling.

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